Harmon mute -- stem out?

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AtomicClock
Posts: 1094
Joined: Oct 19, 2023

by AtomicClock » (edited 2025-11-13 2:11 a.m.)

I've been seeing more (concert band) music marked for Harmon mute (never any +o indications). Sometimes the group decides "stem out"; sometimes nothing is discussed. A quick internet search says the "Harmon" marking is almost always intended to be stem-out, and stem-in is marked Wawa. Is that right? The references I see are all trumpet-related; maybe trombone is different?
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CalgaryTbone
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by CalgaryTbone »

I usually think stem in unless there's an instruction for stem out. Most trombone harmons don't play that well with the stem out - trumpet mutes seem to be better at that. My 3D-printed harmon is better than most at either stem in or out.

Jim Scott
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JohnL
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by JohnL »

If the trumpets are also in Harmon, just match whatever they're doing. It may not be correct for the music, but you're not going to be able to tell them that. Otherwise, I'd just say go with whatever seems stylistically correct for the piece.

Is it "modern" music? If so, it's most likely stem out. Stem in is usually reserved for when you're going for a 1920's-ish sound or a special effect.

It kinda drives me nuts when we're playing a tune that's supposed to have a sort of 1920's sound and the trumpets insist on going all Miles Davis (i.e., stem out) with it.
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harrisonreed
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by harrisonreed »

The best stem-out "harmon" is the Ullven version, which comes with short stem pipes without the cup attached. Once of the pipes is only 2 inches long. These go in the end hole (various depths or all the way in) and give you the resistance and buzz you would expect, that trumpets seem to get without any issues.

So you can do it on a normal Harmon mute, but you may need to make your own "cup less stem" or build the hole up with felt or rubber padding. The key with the Ullven mute is that it is pretty well in tune with whatever combo you use. Making your own version with felt or rubber padding will just make an already out of tune mute even more wonky.
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CalgaryTbone
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by CalgaryTbone »

[quote="JohnL"]If the trumpets are also in Harmon, just match whatever they're doing. It may not be correct for the music, but you're not going to be able to tell them that. Otherwise, I'd just say go with whatever seems stylistically correct for the piece.

Is it "modern" music? If so, it's most likely stem out. Stem in is usually reserved for when you're going for a 1920's-ish sound or a special effect.

It kinda drives me nuts when we're playing a tune that's supposed to have a sort of 1920's sound and the trumpets insist on going all Miles Davis (i.e., stem out) with it.[/quote]

This post made me realize that there would be different answers depending on the genre you're working in. In a big band or some other commercial setting, I would would definitely agree with the quoted post above. I sometimes encounter Harmon in Classical contemporary music, and if they don't specify, I default to what sounds better and will do the best job of playing all the notes (low range is bad on a lot of Harmons, and worse without stem). You have to listen to figure out if they are looking for the classic stem out "Miles Davis" sound, or something more tinny and distant. Of course, wa-wa's are a sure sign of stem-in.

Jim Scott
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AtomicClock
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Joined: Oct 19, 2023

by AtomicClock »

[quote="JohnL"]If the trumpets are also in Harmon, just match whatever they're doing.[/quote]

I just came back from a concert where the three trumpets used stem-in, stem-out, and a Harmon-brand "Triple Play" cup mute. I guess it didn't matter.
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Dennis
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by Dennis »

The trombone harmons I've tried (H&B, Harmon, Jo-Ral, Wick, and Trapani--I own Harmon, Jo-Ral, and Trapani) don't work well without the stem, especially in the low register. Alan Kaplan suggests (and there is a You-Tube demo up) partially blocking the hole with a left finger. That makes things work a lot better, even on a bass. Of course, the triggers are unavailable, but any composer who writes bass trombone in harmon in the trigger or pedal range needs a trombone lesson or two.

I think Harrison's point about the Ullven is a good one, and it's likely that a short tube with an extractor string would improve the behavior of these mutes in the low register. I don't know about Jo-Ral, but the stem on my Harmon-branded mute is just a length of half-inch conduit. I don't think anyone asked, "How long and what diameter does this tube need to be for a trombone?" I'll have to give that a try the next time I have to get the harmons out.
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Finetales
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by Finetales »

[quote="AtomicClock"]A quick internet search says the "Harmon" marking is almost always intended to be stem-out, and stem-in is marked Wawa. Is that right?[/quote]

Stem out is only the unmarked default in a jazz/big band setting, and only for trumpets at that. Trombone stem out sounds nothing like trumpet stem out, and on the rare occasion I've had to use a trombone harmon in a big band, it was with the stem.

For "legit" settings I would always assume stem in unless it's explicitly marked stem out. Every time I've had to use a harmon in an orchestra, concert band, or trombone choir it was always with the stem unless marked otherwise.
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Dennis
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by Dennis »

Most of the harmon calls I've seen for trombone are in brass bands and show pits. Brass band composers tend to be careful about markings, specifying stem in, stem out, stem extended. Show orchestrators are less careful.
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tbdana
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by tbdana »

Why would anyone play stem out on the trombone? Have you heard that????
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AndrewMeronek
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by AndrewMeronek »

[quote="tbdana"]Why would anyone play stem out on the trombone? Have you heard that????[/quote]

I got that in a musical theater gig last year. On bass trombone.
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tedthetrumpet
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by tedthetrumpet »

As a refugee from playing trumpet, it was a real surprise to me that stem-out harmon is such a poor sound on the trombone. Call me Miles, but at one point I was using stem-out harmon on the trumpet virtually all the time.

As an arranger… ha! Before I knew that, I had on more than one occasion called for stem-out harmon on trombone, on the assumption that it would be the same kind of sound as the trumpet.

Also… it's my impression that the trombonists around here either don't own harmons or don't bother to bring them unless asked!
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Finetales
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by Finetales »

[quote="tbdana"]Why would anyone play stem out on the trombone? Have you heard that????[/quote]

It can be cool!! It just has to be written carefully.
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AtomicClock
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by AtomicClock »

[quote="tedthetrumpet"]As an arranger… ha! Before I knew that, I had on more than one occasion called for stem-out harmon on trombone, on the assumption that it would be the same kind of sound as the trumpet.[/quote]

I'm imagining a future where trombonists and mute makers have found a solution, but the "historically informed" cohort insists on playing your arrangements with the terrible harmons.
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AndrewMeronek
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by AndrewMeronek »

Harmon mutes aren't terrible, with or without the stems. But arrangers have to understand the balance.
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EriKon
Posts: 636
Joined: Apr 03, 2022

by EriKon »

[quote="tbdana"]Why would anyone play stem out on the trombone? Have you heard that????[/quote]

Especially in a mic'd situation for a jazz solo it can be pretty cool. I've done that quite a few times. This is a small project I did during Covid:

<LINK_TEXT text="https://www.dropbox.com/scl/fi/1w2yee9s ... k38xz&dl=0">https://www.dropbox.com/scl/fi/1w2yee9sogk90u1kyiw9b/Groove_Major.mp3?rlkey=9u990z2cvhh7jgh3eb1isbbw0&st=vwyk38xz&dl=0</LINK_TEXT>
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Dennis
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by Dennis »

[quote="Finetales"]<QUOTE author="tbdana" post_id="291440" time="1767048432" user_id="16498">
Why would anyone play stem out on the trombone? Have you heard that????[/quote]

It can be cool!! It just has to be written carefully.
</QUOTE>

Plain Language Summary: No notes written below :tenorclef: :line2: and the part is marked 2 dynamic levels above any accompaniment.
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mwpfoot
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by mwpfoot »

Stem in on trombone, always, unless the arranger has additionally written in "Trust me! I know what I'm doing!"

:idea:
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harrisonreed
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Joined: Aug 17, 2018

by harrisonreed »

[quote="Dennis"]<QUOTE author="Finetales" post_id="291452" time="1767063297" user_id="136">

It can be cool!! It just has to be written carefully.[/quote]

Plain Language Summary: No notes written below :tenorclef: :line2: and the part is marked 2 dynamic levels above any accompaniment.
</QUOTE>

This is only true with nominally designed harmon mutes. Which, admittedly, are what 99% of the harmons on the market are. I really need to record a demo with my Ullven, stem out. I feel like people are just not aware of those mutes as much as they should be!